COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC) TEST

WHAT IS CBC TEST??

• Common ordered blood test
• It is a calculation of the cellular (formed element) of blood
• Major potion in this count is measure the concentration of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets in the blood.
• a broad screening test to check for such disorders as anemia, infection, and many other diseases

THE CBC TEST PERFORM

• This test done in the doctor's office, laboratories, and hospitals
• by obtaining a few milliliters (one to two teaspoons) of blood sample directly form the patient
• The skin is wiped clean with an alcohol pad
• Then, a needle is inserted through the area of cleansed skin into to patient's vein
• The blood is then pulled from the needle by a syringe.
• This sample is then taken to the laboratory for analysis

COMPONENTS OF CBC

• White blood cell count (WBC or leukocyte count) - is the number of white blood cells in a volume of blood
• WBC differential count - comprised of several different types that are differentiated, or distinguished, based on their size and shape - The cells in a differential count are granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils
• Red blood cell count (RBC or erythrocyte count) - the number of red blood cells in a volume of blood
• Hematocrit (Hct) - the ratio of the volume of red cells to the volume of whole blood
• Hemoglobin (Hbg) - is the amount of hemoglobin in a volume of blood
• Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) - the average volume of a red blood cell
• Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) - is the average amount of hemoglobin in the average red cell
• Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) - the average concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of red cells. A calculated volume derived from the hemoglobin measurement and the hematocrit
• Red cell distribution width (RDW) - is a measurement of the variability of red cell size and shape. Higher numbers indicate greater variation in size
• Platelet count - The number of platelets in a specified volume of blood. Platelets are not complete cells, but actually fragments of cytoplasm (part of a cell without its nucleus or the body of a cell) from a cell found in the bone marrow called a megakaryocyte. Platelets play a vital role in blood clotting
• Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) - The average size of platelets in a volume of blood

USES OF COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT

• It involve in routine check-up or screening
• as a follow-up test to monitor certain treatments
• as a part of an evaluation based on a patient's symptoms
• CBC tests to help determine individual general health status
• If they are healthy and they have cell populations that are within normal limits
• There are differences between babies and children may be different from adults for normal CBC values and need to be considered when interpreting data